Lemon balm · Melissa officinalis

Botanical name

Melissa officinalis

Plant family

Lamiaceae

Identification

Species

Growth and life cycle

You get a perennial herb with green, toothed leaves that release a lemon scent when gently rubbed. Lemon balm grows as a branching clump. In cold weather, growth may slow and some leaves may dry out.

Choosing a pot

When the roots fill the pot or the potting mix dries out very quickly, move to a slightly larger pot with drainage holes. Choose a container that leaves room for the clump to spread, without too much extra potting mix around the roots.

Light

Depends on the variety and location

When to water

Check the potting mix with your finger at a depth of about 2 cm, and water when this layer starts to dry out. Water until it flows out of the drainage holes, then empty the saucer or decorative outer pot. Limp leaves and dry potting mix usually point to thirst, while yellowing in potting mix that stays wet can indicate too much water.

Potting mix and drainage

Choose an airy potting mix that holds a little moisture but lets excess water drain away. Use a pot with drainage holes, and do not leave standing water in the saucer.

Feeding

You can feed lightly with a fertilizer suitable for edible plants when the lemon balm is growing new leaves, especially after repeated harvesting. If growth stops or the plant suffers from dryness or too much water, address the conditions first and do not rush to fertilize.

Pruning and tidying

Harvest stem tips above a pair of leaves to encourage branching, and leave enough foliage for continued growth. Remove dry leaves. You can also remove flowering stems if you are growing mainly for the leaves.

The first few days at home

Remove the shop wrapping and check that the drainage holes are clear. Start in a bright, sheltered spot and gradually introduce morning sun. Check the growing medium before watering, and keep the plant in its current pot as long as the roots are not crowded.

What to watch for

If the stems grow long and the new leaves are small and pale, check whether there is too little light. White powdery patches or sticky leaves call for checking both sides of the leaves, as powdery mildew or pests may be present.

Placement and climate

In the Israeli summer, choose a spot with morning sun, sheltered from midday sun and direct air-conditioning airflow. In winter, make sure rainwater drains freely. On a humid balcony near the sea, leave space for air to circulate around the leaves.

Propagation

You can propagate by dividing an established clump during a mild season, leaving each section with roots and a few healthy stems.

Around pets

We haven’t verified whether this plant is safe around pets. Ask us before choosing.

Care level

Easy to care for

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